References

References

The bibliography retains the publication's full source list, edition information and consequential qualifications. Its statements about inspected versions describe the publication's research record.

Aviva Berkovich-Ohana, Yair Dor-Ziderman, Joseph Glicksohn, and Abraham Goldstein. Alterations in the sense of time, space, and body in the mindfulness-trained brain: A neurophenomenologically-guided MEG study. Frontiers in Psychology, 4:912, 2013. 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00912. DOI.

Luigi Cacciapuoti et al. Atomic clock ensemble in space. arXiv:2411.02912v1, 2024. URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.02912v1. Inspected version 1, posted 5 November 2024.

James F. Cheeseman, Eva C. Winnebeck, Craig D. Millar, Lisa S. Kirkland, James Sleigh, Mark Goodwin, Matt D. M. Pawley, Guy Bloch, Konstantin Lehmann, Randolf Menzel, and Guy R. Warman. General anesthesia alters time perception by phase shifting the circadian clock. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109:7061–7066, 2012. 10.1073/pnas.1201734109. DOI.

Valentina Ciullo, Gianfranco Spalletta, Carlo Caltagirone, Ricardo E. Jorge, and Federica Piras. Explicit time deficit in schizophrenia: Systematic review and meta-analysis indicate it is primary and not domain specific. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 42(2):505–518, 2016. 10.1093/schbul/sbv104. DOI.

Jennifer T. Coull, Hannah Morgan, Victoria C. Cambridge, James W. Moore, Francesco Giorlando, Ram Adapa, Philip R. Corlett, and Paul C. Fletcher. Ketamine perturbs perception of the flow of time in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology, 218:543–556, 2011. 10.1007/s00213-011-2346-9. DOI.

Graeme A. Forbes. The growing block’s past problems. Philosophical Studies, 173:699–709, 2016. 10.1007/s11098-015-0514-1. DOI.

Zafeirios Fountas, Anastasia Sylaidi, Kyriacos Nikiforou, Anil K. Seth, Murray Shanahan, and Warrick Roseboom. A predictive processing model of episodic memory and time perception. bioRxiv preprint, 2020. URL https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.17.953133. Inspected version posted 17 February 2020. Published version: Neural Computation 34(7), 1501–1544 (2022), doi:10.1162/neco_a_01514; the versions are not independent evidence. DOI.

F. E. Garrett-Bakelman et al. The NASA Twins Study: A multidimensional analysis of a year-long human spaceflight. Science, 364(6436):eaau8650, 2019. 10.1126/science.aau8650. DOI.

Ronald P. Gruber, Ryan P. Smith, and Richard A. Block. The illusory flow and passage of time within consciousness: A multidisciplinary analysis. Timing & Time Perception, 6:125–153, 2018. 10.1163/22134468-2018e001. DOI.

James B. Hartle. The physics of ‘now’. American Journal of Physics, 73:101–109, 2005. 10.1119/1.1783900. DOI.

Pu Jiang, Cong Lin, and Xiaohui Wang. Psychedelics and time: Exploring altered temporal perception and its implications for consciousness, neuroscience, and therapy. Psychedelics, 1(4):11–14, 2025. 10.61373/pp025p.0041. DOI.

Sam Kuypers and Simone Rijavec. Measuring time in a timeless universe. Physical Review D, 112: 063544, 2025. 10.1103/qfns-48vq. The inspected preprint is arXiv:2406.14642v3. DOI.

M. Lamprou-Kokolaki, Y. Nédélec, S. Lhuillier, and V. van Wassenhove. Distinctive features of experiential time: Duration, speed and event density. Consciousness and Cognition, 118:103635, 2024. 10.1016/j.concog.2024.103635. DOI.

Riccardo Miceli McMillan, Jack Reynolds, and Anthony Fernandez. The phenomenology of psychedelic temporality: Current knowledge, open questions, and clinical applications. Philosophical Psychology, 38(7):3182–3209, 2025. 10.1080/09515089.2024.2433522. Accepted manuscript inspected. DOI.

Leonard Mlodinow and Todd A. Brun. Relation between the psychological and thermodynamic arrows of time. Physical Review E, 89:052102, 2014. 10.1103/PhysRevE.89.052102. DOI.

Timothy Muller and Anna C. Nobre. Perceiving the passage of time: Neural possibilities. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1326:60–71, 2014. 10.1111/nyas.12545. DOI.

Deborah C. Navarro Morales, Olga Kuldavletova, Gaëlle Quarck, Pierre Denise, and Gilles Clément. Time perception in astronauts on board the International Space Station. npj Microgravity, 9:6, 2023. 10.1038/s41526-023-00250-x. DOI.

Ryuta Ochi and Mitsuru Kawamura. Mapping the neural basis of the perception of ‘flow of time’: Interval timing and mental time travel in the human brain. Frontiers in Neurology, 17:1960572, 2026. 10.3389/fneur.2026.1960572. DOI.

Hanlin Ren, Qing Zhang, Yanzhen Ren, Qiang Zhou, Yuan Fang, Liang Huang, and Xiaobao Li. Characteristics of psychological time in patients with depression and potential intervention strategies. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14:1173535, 2023. 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1173535. DOI.

L. Riecke, A. J. van Opstal, R. Goebel, and E. Formisano. Hearing illusory sounds in noise: Sensory-perceptual transformations in primary auditory cortex. Journal of Neuroscience, 27(46):12684–12689, 2007. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2713-07.2007. DOI.

Peter J. Riggs. Time dilation and rates of the passage of time. Theoria, 41(1):57–70, 2026. 10.1387/theoria.27426. DOI.

Jeremy Rodgers. Experience as enacted scaffolding: A relational constitutive account within Shadow Theory. Unpublished manuscript, revised first manuscript, 2026.

M. J. Rozenberg, O. Schneegans, and P. Stoliar. An ultra-compact leaky-integrate-and-fire model for building spiking neural networks. Scientific Reports, 9:11123, 2019. 10.1038/s41598-019-47348-5. DOI.

J. D. Saija, T. C. Andringa, D. Başkent, and E. G. Akyürek. Temporal integration of consecutive tones into synthetic vowels demonstrates perceptual assembly in audition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 40(2):857–869, 2014. 10.1037/a0035146. DOI.

N. Sankaran, M. K. Leonard, F. Theunissen, and E. F. Chang. Encoding of melody in the human auditory cortex. Science Advances, 10(7):eadk0010, 2024. 10.1126/sciadv.adk0010. DOI.

Bradford Skow. Relativity and the moving spotlight. The Journal of Philosophy, 106:666–678, 2009.

Bradford Skow. Experience and the passage of time. Philosophical Perspectives, 25:359–387, 2011. 10.1111/j.1520-8583.2011.00220.x. DOI.

Amrit Šorli, Rado Gorjup, Niko Gorjup, and Davide Fiscaletti. Non-physicality of time and introduction to time-invariant cosmology. Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics, 20(1):29–45, 2026. 10.12988/astp.2026.92340. DOI.

C. Stetson, X. Cui, P. R. Montague, and D. M. Eagleman. Motor-sensory recalibration leads to an illusory reversal of action and sensation. Neuron, 51:651–659, 2006. 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.08.006. DOI.

R. Tanaka and Y. Yotsumoto. Passage of time judgments is relative to temporal expectation. Frontiers in Psychology, 8:187, 2017. 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00187. DOI.

Alice Teghil and Marc Wittmann. How the body and brain process time. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 179:106416, 2025. 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106416. DOI.

Slava G. Turyshev, Nan Yu, and Viktor T. Toth. General relativistic observables for the ACES experiment. arXiv:1512.09019v2, 2016. URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.09019v2. Inspected arXiv version 2, posted 24 February 2016.

Natsuki Ueda, Kazushi Maruo, and Tomiki Sumiyoshi. Positive symptoms and time perception in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Research: Cognition, 13:3–6, 2018. 10.1016/j.scog.2018.07.002. DOI.

David H. V. Vogel, Katharina Krämer, Theresa Schoofs, Christian Kupke, and Kai Vogeley. Disturbed experience of time in depression: Evidence from content analysis. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 12:66, 2018. 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00066. DOI.

C. Wacongne, E. Labyt, V. van Wassenhove, T. Bekinschtein, L. Naccache, and S. Dehaene. Evidence for a hierarchy of predictions and prediction errors in human cortex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(51):20754–20759, 2011. 10.1073/pnas.1117807108. DOI.

Marc Wittmann, Olivia Carter, Felix Hasler, B. Rael Cahn, Ulrike Grimberg, Philipp Spring, Daniel Hell, Hans Flohr, and Franz X. Vollenweider. Effects of psilocybin on time perception and temporal control of behaviour in humans. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 21(1):50–64, 2007. 10.1177/0269881106065859. DOI.

Steliana Yanakieva, Naya Polychroni, Neiloufar Family, Luke T. J. Williams, David P. Luke, and Devin B. Terhune. The effects of microdose LSD on time perception: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Psychopharmacology, 236:1159–1170, 2019. 10.1007/s00213-018-5119-x. DOI.

X. Zuo, C. J. Honey, M. D. Barense, D. Crombie, K. A. Norman, U. Hasson, and J. Chen. Temporal integration of narrative information in a hippocampal amnesic patient. NeuroImage, 213:116658, 2020. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116658. DOI.